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Attorneys – Like Mosquitoes, They Can Only Survive on the Blood of Others

A funny thing happened on the way to reading my way through a deluge of emails; I came across one that entered my inbox earlier yesterday, but which I did not actually see until the early morning hours of today.  The email reads thusly:


I’ve seen some of your videos on YouTube and wanted to tell you that you’re wrong.  You appear not to be able to distinguish the difference from the right to travel and the State’s right to regulate the operation of a dangerous mode of transportation that can harm, injure, or kill people and damage private or public property.  That State right is the doctrine of police power, which was adopted into the US Constitution by the 10th Amendment.  You should research it – plenty of SCOTUS cases in support.  How do I know?  I practiced constitutional law for over 35 years and fought govt over-reach and REAL infringement on rights.

Also, before becoming a lawyer, a group of us created the “right to travel vs driver’s license”  issue way back in 1972.  You use all of our research, court cases and tactics we developed almost 45 years ago.  We sold pamphlets, cassette tapes and gave seminars.  And it was BS then and is BS now.  I was amazed that it was still around.
You should rethink misleading people on this issue – you are perpetrating a fraud.  Not very patriotic of you.

Here then is my response to this admonition, which I reserve the right to amend over time as necessary for completeness and accuracy as time and information allows (same thing I told him in my emailed response):

Mr. Galt, you, like many before you, appear to be assuming quite a bit about what I do or do not know. And I can very well and do distinguish between a right to travel and the state police power to regulate. And there are MANY things and activities that can injure or kill that the state demonstrably has NO power whatsoever to interfere with or take away.  The fact that they use illegitimate reasoning and deadly force to get their way does NOT make them right nor their actions lawful, even though they may have legislatively or judicially declared their actions to be ‘legal.’ History documents that Adolph Hitler did the same thing if memory serves, and look how he wound up when it was all said and done. And I find no increase in your personal merit, credibility, or ability by your admission of having misunderstood and mishandled a particular subject of much legal and political debate for more than 35 years. How is an admission of perpetual misconception and/or incompetence in understanding something so simple and fundamental to the rightful free exercise and enjoyment of individual liberty and rights supposed to legitimize your position of telling me that I am “wrong” simply because you and those like you were incapable of comprehending the simplicity of thought and action relating to individual rights and liberty so as to understand this most basic of human concepts and do it right?

You also appear to be holding the mistaken belief that the various constitutions are themselves the well-spring of the rights and liberties of We the People, and that we are the ones bound by their respective provisions and principles. That is a demonstrably unsubstantiated and fundamentally unsafe foundational premise, as no constitution on this planet is now or ever has been the source of our inherent and fundamental individual rights and liberties. In that respect, its sole purpose as a grantor of any and all delegated powers and authority, and prohibitions upon the use of same, is applicable and binding only upon our servant government and its actors, regardless of branch, department, or office. The only thing a constitution does directly for the People is to provide a reminder to those in government that they are in fact, NOT the ones in charge of everything, and to preserve an actionable remedy to remove, alter, or abolish any or all parts of that government when it fails to adhere to the proper limits upon its use of that power and authority.

Now, let’s start with what I feel should be some rather simplistic facts and logic in terms of laying a foundation for this response, beginning with certain facts that we know for certain are true:

1)  It is NOT illegal for an individual to purchase an automobile or truck of any classification or type for private non-commercial use in any state of the union.

2)  There are NO laws placing any restrictions upon the number of automobiles or trucks that a private individual can purchase.

3)  There are NO laws prohibiting the free exchange of lawfully owned private automobiles or trucks between private individuals or private individuals and business’.
4)  The foundation of facts established by items 1-3 begs the conclusion that any man may purchase and own any number of automobiles or trucks as their own private property, and may do with them as he might please as to their purchase, sale, transfer, use, or destruction. After all, he lawfully and rightfully owns them, not the state, not society, and most certainly not government as it is a creature of man’s own lesser design and creation.  Only a lien-holder would have say in the matter, and neither the state nor its agents are parties to that contractual agreement as lien-holders, so they have no legitimate claim under it and no duty towards it other than ensuring that the contract does not violate properly enacted and applicable law governing such contracts or that it is not unconscionable toward either party in its terms.
However, it would appear to be your position that the state, while it has no lawful authority to say or do anything at all in relation to any of the things described in 1-4 above, can somehow still claim it has the legitimate authority to tell someone that they have no inherent or fundamental right to actually use the private property that they lawfully purchased and own for its intended and designed purpose. Thomas Jefferson would probably have first laughed in the face of any judge or attorney that would dare foment such an obviously liberty and individual rights denying concept, and then, sought their disbarment and/or impeachment, rapidly followed by criminal charges or lunatic commitment papers.   Jefferson’s thoughts on such stupidity are rather poignant, The right to use a thing comprehends a right to the means necessary to its use, and without which it would be useless.” –Thomas Jefferson to William Carmichael, 1790. ME 8:72

Jefferson had much to say on the concept and law of private property ownership and use:

Property Rights:

“The true foundation of republican government is the equal right of every citizen in his person and property and in their management.” –Thomas Jefferson to Samuel Kercheval, 1816. ME 15:36

“A right to property is founded in our natural wants, in the means with which we are endowed to satisfy these wants, and the right to what we acquire by those means without violating the similar rights of other sensible beings.” –Thomas Jefferson to Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours, 1816. ME 14:490

“[We in America entertain] a due sense of our equal right to… the acquisitions of our own industry.” –Thomas Jefferson: 1st Inaugural, 1801. ME 3:320

“He who is permitted by law to have no property of his own can with difficulty conceive that property is founded in anything but force.” –Thomas Jefferson to Edward Bancroft, 1788. ME 19:41

“That, on the principle of a communion of property, small societies may exist in habits of virtue, order, industry, and peace, and consequently in a state of as much happiness as Heaven has been pleased to deal out to imperfect humanity, I can readily conceive, and indeed, have seen its proofs in various small societies which have been constituted on that principle. But I do not feel authorized to conclude from these that an extended society, like that of the United States or of an individual State, could be governed happily on the same principle.” –Thomas Jefferson to Cornelius Camden Blatchly, 1822. ME 15:399

The Origin of Ownership:

“It is a moot question whether the origin of any kind of property is derived from nature at all… It is agreed by those who have seriously considered the subject that no individual has, of natural right, a separate property in an acre of land, for instance. By an universal law, indeed, whatever, whether fixed or movable, belongs to all men equally and in common is the property for the moment of him who occupies it; but when he relinquishes the occupation, the property goes with it. Stable ownership is the gift of social law, and is given late in the progress of society.” –Thomas Jefferson to Isaac McPherson, 1813. ME 13:333

“A right of property in moveable things is admitted before the establishment of government. A separate property in lands, not till after that establishment. The right to moveables is acknowledged by all the hordes of Indians surrounding us. Yet by no one of them has a separate property in lands been yielded to individuals. He who plants a field keeps possession till he has gathered the produce, after which one has as good a right as another to occupy it. Government must be established and laws provided, before lands can be separately appropriated, and their owner protected in his possession. Till then, the property is in the body of the nation, and they, or their chief as trustee, must grant them to individuals, and determine the conditions of the grant.” –Thomas Jefferson: Batture at New Orleans, 1812. ME 18:45

“The laws of civil society, indeed, for the encouragement of industry, give the property of the parent to his family on his death, and in most civilized countries permit him even to give it, by testament, to whom he pleases.” –Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Earle, 1823. ME 15:470

Every Citizen is Entitled to Own Property:

“The political institutions of America, its various soils and climates, opened a certain resource to the unfortunate and to the enterprising of every country and insured to them the acquisition and free possession of property.” –Thomas Jefferson: Declaration on Taking Up Arms, 1775. Papers 1:199

“The earth is given as a common stock for man to labor and live on. If for the encouragement of industry we allow it to be appropriated, we must take care that other employment be provided to those excluded from the appropriation. If we do not, the fundamental right to labor the earth returns to the unemployed… It is not too soon to provide by every possible means that as few as possible shall be without a little portion of land. The small landholders are the most precious part of a state.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1785. ME 19:18, Papers 8:682

“No right [should] be stipulated for aliens to hold real property within these States, this being utterly inadmissible by their several laws and policy.” –Thomas Jefferson: Commercial Treaties Instructions, 1784.

“Whenever there is in any country uncultivated lands and unemployed poor, it is clear that the laws of property have been so far extended as to violate natural right.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1785. ME 19:18, Papers 8:682

“[The] unequal division of property… occasions the numberless instances of wretchedness which… is to be observed all over Europe.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1785. ME 19:17, Papers 8:681

“I am conscious that an equal division of property is impracticable. But the consequences of this enormous inequality producing so much misery to the bulk of mankind, legislators cannot invent too many devices for subdividing property, only taking care to let their subdivisions go hand in hand with the natural affections of the human mind.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1785. ME 19:17, Papers 8:682

The Protection of Property Rights:

“[The] rights [of the people] to the exercise and fruits of their own industry can never be protected against the selfishness of rulers not subject to their control at short periods.” –Thomas Jefferson to Isaac H. Tiffany, 1816.

“I may err in my measures, but never shall deflect from the intention to fortify the public liberty by every possible means, and to put it out of the power of the few to riot on the labors of the many.” –Thomas Jefferson to John Tyler, 1804. ME 11:33

“Our wish… is that… equality of rights [be] maintained, and that state of property, equal or unequal, which results to every man from his own industry or that of his fathers.” –Thomas Jefferson: 2nd Inaugural Address, 1805. ME 3:382

“To take from one because it is thought that his own industry and that of his father’s has acquired too much, in order to spare to others, who, or whose fathers have not exercised equal industry and skill, is to violate arbitrarily the first principle of association–‘the guarantee to every one of a free exercise of his industry and the fruits acquired by it.'” –Thomas Jefferson: Note in Destutt de Tracy’s “Political Economy,” 1816. ME 14:466

“If the overgrown wealth of an individual is deemed dangerous to the State, the best corrective is the law of equal inheritance to all in equal degree; and the better, as this enforces a law of nature, while extra-taxation violates it.” –Thomas Jefferson: Note in Destutt de Tracy’s “Political Economy,” 1816. ME 14:466

Rights Associated With Ownership:

“It would be singular to admit a natural and even an hereditary right to inventors… It would be curious… if an idea, the fugitive fermentation of an individual brain, could, of natural right, be claimed in exclusive and stable property. If nature has made any one thing less susceptible than all others of exclusive property, it is the action of the thinking power called an idea, which an individual may exclusively possess as long as he keeps it to himself; but the moment it is divulged, it forces itself into the possession of every one, and the receiver cannot dispossess himself of it. Its peculiar character, too, is that no one possesses the less, because every other possesses the whole of it. He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me. That ideas should freely spread from one to another over the globe, for the moral and mutual instruction of man, and improvement of his condition, seems to have been peculiarly and benevolently designed by nature, when she made them, like fire, expansible over all space, without lessening their density in any point, and like the air in which we breathe, move and have our physical being, incapable of confinement or exclusive appropriation. Inventions then cannot, in nature, be a subject of property. Society may give an exclusive right to the profits arising from them, as an encouragement to men to pursue ideas which may produce utility, but this may or may not be done, according to the will and convenience of the society, without claim or complaint from anybody… The exclusive right to invention [is] given not of natural right, but for the benefit of society.” –Thomas Jefferson to Isaac McPherson, 1813. ME 13:333

“By nature’s law, every man has a right to seize and retake by force his own property taken from him by another by force or fraud. Nor is this natural right among the first which is taken into the hands of regular government after it is instituted. It was long retained by our ancestors. It was a part of their common law, laid down in their books, recognized by all the authorities, and regulated as to circumstances of practice.” –Thomas Jefferson: Batture at New Orleans, 1812. ME 18:104

“Charged with the care of the general interest of the nation, and among these with the preservation of their lands from intrusion, I exercised, on their behalf, a right given by nature to all men, individual or associated, that of rescuing their own property wrongfully taken.” –Thomas Jefferson to W. C. C. Claiborne, 1810. ME 12:383

“Nothing is ours, which another may deprive us of.” –Thomas Jefferson to Maria Cosway, 1786. ME 5:440

“[If government have] a right of demanding ad libitum and of taxing us themselves to the full amount of their demand if we do not comply with it, [this would leave] us without anything we can call property.” –Thomas Jefferson: Reply to Lord North, 1775. Papers 1:233

“The first foundations of the social compact would be broken up were we definitely to refuse to its members the protection of their persons and property while in their lawful pursuits.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Maury, 1812. ME 13:145

“Persons and property make the sum of the objects of government.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789. ME 7:459

“The right to sell is one of the rights of property.” –Thomas Jefferson to Handsome Lake, 1802. ME 16:395

“The power of repelling invasions, and making laws necessary for carrying that power into execution seems to include that of occupying those sites which are necessary to repel an enemy, observing only the amendment to the Constitution which provides that private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation… Where the necessary sites cannot be obtained by the joint and valid consent of parties,… provision should be made by a process of ad quod damnum, or any other more eligible means for authorizing the sites which are necessary for the public defense to be appropriated to that purpose.” –Thomas Jefferson: Message on Defence, 1808. ME 3:326

You now might better recognize this concept of yours, as it is essentially a claim that government can deny or convert to privilege the rightful and lawful use of private property against him who lawfully owns and controls it. It is a concept very much in line with that of an unlawful governmental taking or conversion of property, which is something else that SCotUS has addressed on more than one occasion, albeit with ever increasing ineptitude and leanings toward destruction of rights and usurpation of power.

Which brings me to the one question that no attorney or judge ever appears to be able to reasonably explain when asked, “how did the people go from having every right to using ANYTHING that they lawfully owned and possessed, whether that be their feet, a burrow or horse, a chariot, a sled, a litter, a wagon, or a “motor car,” to freely travel upon the roadways of their age, to suddenly having that right converted into a mere privilege due to nothing more than the advancement of time and technology coupled with the whims of other men?”

Which then, of course, begs the followup question;  “Can you name any other inherent and fundamental individual right that has been so fully and unlawfully converted into a licensed privilege simply because time and advancements in technology made changes in the manner of things and devices used to exercise it?” I certainly can’t. Nor can I fathom how any court or governmental body could have possibly come to a lawful and constitutional conclusion that they suddenly had a new power and authority that they had never previously possessed in that they could arbitrarily take away a man’s right to the use of his own private property for any and all LAWFUL (not LEGAL) purposes unless he first sought and received governmental permission to do so.

And any argument that the government has the right to deny the use of THEIR roads is patently false, because the roads are neither owned by nor belong to the government. They belong to the people. WE paid for them to be built and to be maintained. They are OURS. Government is nothing more than our elected and appointed steward for seeing to it that the roads remain fit for OUR use in pursuit of our individual private business or pleasure.

Even more to the point, just WHO could have possibly given the state legislature, or any other body of government, the authority to make that conversion of fundamental and inherent individual rights and liberties into lesser government sanctioned and licensed/permitted privileges?  Such a thing is inconceivable in a constitutional republic. If I have no personal or individual right to tell someone else that they cannot use either their private property, or our mutual property in the form of the public roads, in a lawful and peaceful manner, whether such use is done independently or simultaneously. And neither you nor anyone else has any such lawful right.  And if none of us individually have any such lawful power and authority over another man, then neither does ANY governmental agency or agent, as their just powers are derived from us. And if we don’t lawfully have it, we cannot delegate it to another, not even to our own legal creation known as government.

The collective power of government was only intended and authorized to be used against particular members within We the People that had committed unlawful acts against the person, rights or property of another individual or group. And even then, that authority was limited to the purposes of apprehending, trying, convicting, and punishing those specific individuals, not to regulate or otherwise control the rest of us individually or collectively in the just exercise of our own free will. I, like most men, am self-regulating. And I do not seek to unjustly harm the person, rights or property of any other man.

The premise for this line of thought and reasoning in relation to the limits of delegated authority derived from individual rights and liberties was proclaimed by Jefferson in these words:

 What is true of every member of the society, individually, is true of them all collectively; since the rights of the whole can be no more than the sum of the rights of the individuals.” –Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789. ME 7:455, Papers 15:393 

The principles of government… [are] founded in the rights of man.” –Thomas Jefferson to John Cartwright, 1824. ME 16:51

Our rulers can have authority over such natural rights only as we have submitted to them.” –Thomas Jefferson: Notes on Virginia Q.XVII, 1782. ME 2:221

Every man, and every body of men on earth, possesses the right of self-government… This, like all other natural rights, may be abridged or modified in its exercise by their own consent, or by the law of those who depute them, if they meet in the right of others.” –Thomas Jefferson: Opinion on Residence Bill, 1790. ME 3:60

Were [a right] to be refused, or to be so shackled by regulations, not necessary for… peace and safety… as to render its use impracticable,… it would then be an injury, of which we should be entitled to demand redress.” –Thomas Jefferson: Report on Navigation of the Mississippi, 1792. ME 3:178

 

Furthermore, when the state enacts a law, ANY law, that is enacted for the regulation of something, anything, it must first be something that the people themselves have the power to regulate themselves either individually or by collective agreement. Why you might ask? Well, it really is a rather simple concept; one cannot give away a power or authority that s/he does not lawfully and rightfully posses. And the tired old cliche of “the people voted” is non-substantive, as the free exercise and enjoyment of inherent fundamental individual rights cannot be removed from any one or more of the people by a majority vote. Nor can a majority vote do any better when it comes to converting a right into a privilege.

This is the difference between a republic and a democracy. One protects the rights and liberties of the individual, the other is nothing more than mob rule, which the founding fathers soundly rejected.In my personal opinion, it is rather idiotic for anyone tell the people that they are born free men, and that they live in a free republic where they each have equal inherent fundamental and innumerable rights, and then, in the same breath, try to qualify or downplay that by saying “… well, … except this, … or that, … or these things here, … because we who are supposedly your servants, having been empowered by our sworn oath to protect and defend ALL of your individual rights as a prerequisite of our existence and authority, have decided without your consent to not let you claim or exercise certain one’s of them, or potentially any of them, as an individual right to be exercised without our written and purchased permission.” Tell me, just who has any lawful right whatsoever to tell another man what he can or cannot do with his own person or property when he does not use his rights to those things to intentionally or negligently cause harm to me or any other?

Now as far as the actual laws themselves go in relation to the subject of “transportation” versus “the right to travel,” let’s look at it from this perspective.

The Texas Constitution, as does most state constitutions of which I am aware, limits the subject of any legislative enactment to ONE SUBJECT. In the case of the fairly recently recodified “transportation” code, that subject just happens to be “TRANSPORTATION.” And ANYTHING that is written into that code MUST be related to that one subject. If it is not, then that portion of the code would be UNCONSTITUTIONAL as it would be a legislative Bill dealing with more than one subject.

Now, the Texas Legislature did not provide a definition of the term “transportation” in ANY law or code that exists in Texas. However, they DID create statutes that tell us precisely how to determine the meaning of those terms that they failed to define. These methods of writing, reading, and interpreting the meaning of such terms and phrases, can be found in Chapters 311 and 312 of the Texas Government Code. Within which you will find that the term “transportation” is to be defined in the same manner as other existing law or as the standard industry usage defines it, which just happens to match with the very definition that one would find in the SCotUS case law cited as the basis for that definition in Black’s Law Dictionary 6th Edition and earlier.  The same would apply to the term “carrier.”

It should be axiomatic that, in order to charge someone with a crime under the specific subject matter of “transportation,” since that is the ONLY subject to which the code and its regulatory statutes can constitutionally apply, the state MUST prove that the individual WAS engaged in “transportation” as defined by that term.  Simply being in a car on the highway isn’t enough to constitute “transportation.” And if you are willing to suggest that the state is somehow not required to prove that the regulated subject matter to which the statutes specifically apply is in any way relevant to the criminal accusations being made against the Accused by alleging offenses that are defined by and exists solely within that subject matter code, then you are admitting to the knowing and intentional denial of the right of due process as being precisely what is wrong with your particular brand of justice and the corrupt judicial and Bar system that controls it.

Furthermore, there is a HUGE difference between using the police power for regulation for public safety, such as traffic control devices meant to control traffic flow so as to prevent accidents for instance, and taxation of a privileged activity through various license and permit schemes. You are either considering them to be one and the same or are failing to recognize the distinctive differences, because SCotUS and numerous other courts have ruled over and over again that any license or permit requiring a payment of a fee in order to obtain it ARE taxes upon the exercise of the permissive privilege. The term “tax” and “license” are synonymous according to those court rulings.

However, the right to liberty through locomotion is NOT a permissive or granted privilege, but rather it is an inherent and fundamental right of liberty through locomotion, for which I do not require any man or court to recognize in order for me to know it to be absolutely true. Only a slave must ask permission and favor to move about without his chains, in whatever form those chains may be.  The Declaration of Independence makes this understanding of liberty more than  clear to someone that isn’t actually looking for some legal control mechanism by which to either conceal or deny its very existence.

To secure these [inalienable] rights [to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness], governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed… Whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.” –Thomas Jefferson: Declaration of Independence, 1776. ME 1:29, Papers 1:429
But Jefferson didn’t stop there when it came to expounding upon the only real basis and necessity for any form of organized government in the first place:

It is to secure our rights that we resort to government at all.” –Thomas Jefferson to Francois D’Ivernois, 1795. FE 7:4
[These are] the rights which God and the laws have given equally and independently to all.” –Thomas Jefferson: Rights of British America, 1774. ME 1:185, Papers 1:121

 

What you are saying about the police power and the government’s alleged right to regulate certain activities is not a concept created by the people OR our constitutions, but rather by the courts and those within our government that decided they knew better than us how to lead lawful and productive lives, and then proceeded to use their delegated powers to subvert and undermine the rights of everyone for the perceived [but false] benefit of a collective society, which is a concept soundly rejected as an abomination to the principles of a constitutional republic.

The idea is quite unfounded that on entering into society we give up any natural right.” –Thomas Jefferson to Francis Gilmer, 1816. ME 15:24

 

And you also seem to think that I and everyone else should have no opinion or argument that contradicts or refutes that which establishes the power and control sought by government through our courts. Courts which have demonstrated their complete failure in understanding even the most historically fundamental concepts of LIMITED government and inherent fundamental individual rights, which they’ve accomplished through a never-ending train of tortured reasoning and incompetent or abusive readings and interpretations of the provisions within the various constitutions to further diminish individual rights in favor of ever expanding governmental power and authority. It is the basic principle of letting the inmates run the asylum by setting and interpreting their own rules.

Your words make it appear that you want me and the rest of the American people to simply accept the baseless assertion that they, meaning the courts, attorneys like you, and governmental actors in general, are somehow more capable, qualified, and intellectually equipped to be the sole collective body uniquely empowered to be our only purveyors of truth and understanding. A concept which I find not only laughable to the point of requiring corrective surgery, but with which I heartily and vehemently disagree to the point of being willing to take up arms to defend against it. Nor am I alone in thinking so. My words to you on that point are well founded in a prior discussion involving Jefferson that long predates us both, and which soundly renounces and refutes such an assertion on your part:

You seem … to consider the judges as the ultimate arbiters of all constitutional questions; a very dangerous doctrine indeed, and one which would place us under the despotism of an oligarchy. Our judges are as honest as other men, and not more so. They have, with others, the same passions for party, for power, and the privilege of their corps…. Their power [is] the more dangerous as they are in office for life, and not responsible, as the other functionaries are, to the elective control. The Constitution has erected no such single tribunal, knowing that to whatever hands confided, with the corruptions of time and party, its members would become despots. It has more wisely made all the departments co-equal and co-sovereign within themselves.” –Thomas Jefferson to William C. Jarvis, 1820. ME 15:277

A free people [claim] their rights as derived from the laws of nature, and not as the gift of their chief magistrate.” –Thomas Jefferson: Rights of British America, 1774. ME 1:209, Papers 1:134

Some other natural rights… [have] not yet entered into any declaration of rights.” –Thomas Jefferson to John W. Eppes, 1813. ME 13:272

 

So, despite what you might think about the power and authority of government to do any particular thing it damn well pleases, I would consider the possibility that you, like many others before you and in office today, have failed to remember that We the People ARE the one true and primary department of government that has the power to supersede and/or do away with anything and everything that government, in whole or in part, may decide or do. The government’s willingness to resort to force of arms, and to use them without fear of accountability, does not make those doing so right. What it does make them is a group of treasonous despots that deserve to be arrested and punished with life in prison for their crimes against us all, which will be exactly what happens if they lose the battle of force.

Therefore, all I can say to you is that you may choose to believe as you wish and stay as much a slave to those beliefs in relying on a totally corrupt and broken system of law and injustice as you desire, regardless of how ill-founded or unsubstantiated such beliefs may be. But, none of your choices bind me or any other individual to you or to those choices. I have the faculties and the inherent and unalienable right to think and act for myself, to make my own choices, to self-regulate, and to engage in my own private business or pleasure using my own understanding of the proper exercise of my rights and liberties as I see fit, limited or barred only by the equal rights of others to not be intentionally or negligently harmed by me. Which would also include freedom from those same types of intrusions and harm by government actors. THAT is the true limit of government’s police powers upon the free exercise of the individual rights and property belonging to We the People as far as I am concerned.

I would rather be exposed to the inconveniences attending too much liberty than to those attending too small a degree of it.” –Thomas Jefferson to Archibald Stuart, 1791. ME 8:276

Being myself a warm zealot for the attainment and enjoyment by all mankind of as much liberty as each may exercise without injury to the equal liberty of his fellow citizens, I have lamented that… the endeavors to obtain this should have been attended with the effusion of so much blood.” –Thomas Jefferson to Jean Nicholas Demeunier, 1795. FE 7:13

Of liberty I would say that, in the whole plenitude of its extent, it is unobstructed action according to our will. But rightful liberty is unobstructed action according to our will within limits drawn around us by the equal rights of others. I do not add ‘within the limits of the law,’ because law is often but the tyrant’s will, and always so when it violates the right of an individual.” –Thomas Jefferson to Isaac H. Tiffany, 1819.

Under the law of nature, all men are born free, every one comes into the world with a right to his own person, which includes the liberty of moving and using it at his own will. This is what is called personal liberty, and is given him by the Author of nature, because necessary for his own sustenance.” –Thomas Jefferson: Legal Argument, 1770. FE 1:376

If [God] has made it a law in the nature of man to pursue his own happiness, He has left him free in the choice of place as well as mode, and we may safely call on the whole body of English jurists to produce the map on which nature has traced for each individual the geographical line which she forbids him to cross in pursuit of happiness.” –Thomas Jefferson to John Manners, 1817. ME 15:124

The evidence of [the] natural right [of expatriation], like that of our right to life, liberty, the use of our faculties, the pursuit of happiness, is not left to the feeble and sophistical investigations of reason, but is impressed on the sense of every man. We do not claim these under the charters of kings or legislators, but under the King of Kings.” –Thomas Jefferson to John Manners, 1817. ME 15:124P.S.

Thank you for your email. I will use it for the edification of others so that they may understand why attorneys should never be allowed to hold public office or other positions of power that would allow them to control and subvert the freedoms and liberties that are inherent in us all by our very birth. I will be posting your email, and my response, to my blog.

Be aware that I reserve the right to edit and amend my original response at any time and in any way that I deem necessary as time and information allows. Hopefully it will be enough to provide you with a different perspective than the one that you currently have, the most important of which being that the legal profession cannot have its cake and eat it too. When laws are used to subvert and supplant liberty and freedom with permissions and privileges, then the law itself, and those that try to justify supporting and defending it, ARE the only real problem.

Motions – Challenging Jurisdiction

Okay, let’s talk for a brief minute about Motions to Dismiss that challenge both subject matter and in personam (personal) jurisdiction and WHY you want to file BOTH in separate individual pleadings. This was a discussion I had with someone earlier today about this subject, and it’s important to note the distinctions being made in the arguments within each pleading.

Q:  Can or should a motion to dismiss for lack of in personam jurisdiction read the same (or roughly the same) as a motion to dismiss for a lack of subject matter jurisdiction?

A:  They will have similarities to the facts of the arguments, but different focuses.

Q:  For example, would in personam focus more on the officer’s authority to stop you in the first place removing the authority from the court to hear the case?

A:  It works in BOTH.

A Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Subject Matter Jurisdiction Would go Something like this:

It is an uncontested fact that the arresting officer, Officer Ima Dickhead (“Officer Dickhead“), conducted no investigation into discovering any facts or evidence that would prove Respondent was engaged in “transportation” at any time prior to or during the alleged regulatory offense.


It is an uncontested fact that Officer Dickhead‘s entire basis for making such an allegation is based entirely upon his/her own unsubstantiated personal presumptions of law rather than actual facts or evidence.


It is an uncontested fact that Officer Dickhead has no lawful authority to seize and arrest Respondent without warrant for an alleged “transportation” offense if the officer lacked any articulable facts and evidence supporting probable cause to believe that Respondent was actively engaged in “transportation.


It is an uncontested fact that, absent any facts and evidence that Respondent was engaging in “transportation,” Officer Dickhead lacked not only articulable probable cause to make a warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent, but also any and all subject matter jurisdiction over Respondent relating to enforcement of regulatory statutes relevant to same.


It is an uncontested fact that, if Officer Dickhead never believed that Respondent was actively engaged in “transportation” at the time of the alleged offense, thus Officer Dickhead never intended to perform any investigation that would result in the discovery of any admissible facts and evidence that would prove Respondent was so engaged, then it cannot by rightfully said that Officer Dickhead was acting on any specific articulable facts or evidence supporting probable cause, but was acting instead upon an entirely unlawful and unsubstantiated legal presumption that the existing facts and evidence did not support.


It is an uncontested fact that, given the current state of tensions in this nation and this state relating to law enforcement officers brutally assaulting, injuring, and murdering individuals that are doing nothing more than asserting and exercising their fundamental and constitutionally protected rights to not be subjected to false arrests, abuses of police power, and injurious physical assaults and death at the hands of out-of-control law enforcement personnel, Officer Dickhead‘s demonstrably faulty and unsubstantiated legal presumption and callous disregard of the facts and the law created an unacceptable level of danger to the life, person, rights and property of Respondent as well as that of the general public to a degree that is shocking to the conscience.


As Officer Dickhead lacked any actual articulable facts and evidence that Respondent was actually engaged in “transportation” at the time of the warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent, and never made any attempt whatsoever to investigate into this necessary and mandatory element of subject matter jurisdiction relating to the alleged offense, there was no legal basis creating a foundation for articulable probable cause that would serve to support Officer Dickhead‘s warrantless seizure and arrest. Therefore, the warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent by Officer Dickhead was completely unlawful and illegal and was not based upon any probable cause supporting subject matter jurisdiction.


A Motion to Dismiss for Lack of In Personam Jurisdiction Would go Something like this:



It is an uncontested fact that the arresting officer, Officer Ima Dickhead (“Officer Dickhead”), conducted no investigation into discovering any facts or evidence that would prove Respondent was engaged in “transportation” at any time prior to or during the alleged regulatory offense.


It is an uncontested fact that Officer Dickhead‘s entire basis for making such an allegation is based entirely upon his/her own unsubstantiated personal presumptions of law rather than actual facts or evidence.


It is an uncontested fact that Officer Dickhead has no lawful authority to seize and arrest Respondent without warrant for an alleged “transportation” offense if the officer lacked any articulable facts and evidence supporting probable cause to believe that Respondent was actively engaged in “transportation.”


It is an uncontested fact that, absent any facts and evidence that Respondent was engaging in “transportation,” Officer Dickhead lacked not only articulable probable cause to make a warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent, but also any and all in personam jurisdiction over Respondent relating to enforcement of regulatory statutes relevant to same.


It is an uncontested fact that, if Officer Dickhead never believed that Respondent was actively engaged in “transportation” at the time of the alleged offense, thus Officer Dickhead never intended to perform any investigation that would result in the discovery of any admissible facts and evidence that would prove Respondent was so engaged, then it cannot by rightfully said that Officer Dickhead was acting on any specific articulable facts or evidence supporting probable cause, but was acting instead upon an entirely unlawful and unsubstantiated legal presumption that the existing facts and evidence did not support.


It is an uncontested fact that, given the current state of tensions in this nation and this state relating to law enforcement officers brutally assaulting, injuring, and murdering individuals that are doing nothing more than asserting and exercising their fundamental and constitutionally protected rights to not be subjected to false arrests, abuses of police power, and injurious physical assaults and death at the hands of out-of-control law enforcement personnel, Officer Dickhead‘s demonstrably faulty and unsubstantiated legal presumption and callous disregard of the facts and the law created an unacceptable level of danger to the life, person, rights and property of Respondent as well as that of the general public to a degree that is shocking to the conscience.


As Officer Dickhead lacked any actual articulable facts and evidence that Respondent was actually engaged in “transportation” at the time of the warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent, and never made any attempt whatsoever to investigate into this necessary and mandatory element of in personam jurisdiction relating to the alleged offense, there was no legal basis creating a foundation for articulable probable cause that would serve to support Officer Dickhead‘s warrantless seizure and arrest. Therefore, the warrantless seizure and arrest of Respondent by Officer Dickhead was completely unlawful and illegal and was not based upon any probable cause supporting in personam jurisdiction.




What you have to understand is, that although the facts that lead up to both challenges are essentially the same, the focus of the challenge can and would be different between a challenge to subject matter versus in personam jurisdiction. These same points of argument would serve just as well in a “Motion to Suppress” considering that, since the facts show that probable cause never existed, then the officer conducted an illegal search and seizure of the person, the conveyance, and the personal information relating to both.

Furthermore, in order for any of this information to remain admissible, the state must first PROVE that the warrantless arrest was valid by proving that probable cause DID exist, AND that the officer properly complied with Art. 38.22, Code of Criminal Procedure. The problem for the state, however, is that the officer NEVER attempted to obtain any such evidence AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED OFFENSE. And failing to do so would make ANYTHING they try to use thereafter, like a driving record or other official record relating to licensing, registration, inspection, financial responsibility, etc., etc., INADMISSIBLE because it is NOT relevant to the original stop and arrest and certainly not a direct result of the officer’s actions at the original stop.

Statutory Breakdown of “Speeding” Allegation Elements in Texas

chevrolet-impala-ss-001-HRWhat are the statutory elements required to actually ALLEGE and PROVE a “speeding” offense in Texas? Believe it or not, there are actually 21 individual statutory elements. Yes, that is a two (2) and a one (1). And it is my experience that the STATE knowingly and intentionally avoids providing the required due process Notice of more than two thirds of them in the criminal complaint and other charging instruments.

Which also means that they are denying the Accused in his/her due process right to Notice and defense of those elements, while also making their job as prosecutor unconstitutionally and illegally easier by not having to prove those that they fail or refuse to allege.

This article is intended to teach you how to perform legal analysis and observation in a “connect the dots” fashion.  Read the statutes below and make your own conclusions about the necessary elements as I have listed them. But, while you do so, be sure to ask yourself how both the court and the prosecution can meet their individual burdens of ensuring that the Accused’s right of due process, including the right of proper, sufficient and timely Notice, are properly met under the statutes, as well as how they are not according to how they actually file the complaint.  And I’ll preface that by pointing out this example.

The STATE cannot rely solely upon the elements asserted in Sec. 545.351(a) OR Sec. 545.352 as the basis for the allegation.

The exercise here is for you to figure out and recognize WHY that is and use it to make a defense according to the remaining statutory provisions.

Here are the individual elements that are actually required to be stated in a valid complaint and proven in a Texas “speeding” allegation according to the various interrelated statutes that follow. Consider that a criminal complaint that fails to state each of these elements is insufficient on its face in substance, as it fails to assert the necessary factual elements that would comprise the required legal Notice to the Accused, as well as that of what the state is required to both allege and prove for the allegation. These are direct violations of the right of due process and a total failure of the state to fully meet its burden of Notice and proof.

  • Who (your name),
  • Where (within the geographical boundaries of the city/county of…),
  • When (on April 1, 2016),
  • Did then and there,
  • What (specific regulated subject matter (while engaging in “transportation”)),
  • While [allegedly] acting as an “operator,”
  • Did [allegedly] “drive” (not “operate” like most complaints allege),
  • A[n alleged] “motor vehicle,”
  • Upon a highway of this state,
  • At a[n alleged] speed of xx,
  • Where the posted speed limit was xxx,
  • Which was [allegedly] greater than reasonable and prudent,
  • Under the circumstances and,
  • Conditions then existing,
  • And [allegedly] without regard for actual and potential hazards then existing,
  • Did [allegedly] fail in his duty to exercise due care,
  • By [allegedly] failing to avoid a collision,
  • With another
    1. Person, or
      1. To wit (the injured person’s name),
    2. Vehicle
      1. To wit (the vehicle year, make and model),
  • That was [allegedly]
    1. Traveling on the highway, or
    2. Entering the highway
  • In compliance with law.

At first you will probably see that the breakdown of Secs. 545.351 and 545.352 below look to be like either a bad web page render or is just a series of random and nonsensical breaks in sentence structure. But, if you really look at where and how the breaks in the sentence structure are done, you will see that it is broken down by its statutory parameters of conditions and objects. By breaking a statute down this way, it helps you greatly in clarifying and understanding how it actually reads and what it all means.


TRANSPORTATION CODE

TITLE 7. VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC

SUBTITLE C. RULES OF THE ROAD

CHAPTER 545. OPERATION AND MOVEMENT OF
VEHICLES

SUBCHAPTER
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

Sec. 545.351.  MAXIMUM SPEED REQUIREMENT.

(a)  An
operator
may
not
drive
at
a speed
greater
than
is

reasonable
and
prudent

under
the circumstances
then
existing
.

(b)  An operator:

(1)  may not
drive
a vehicle
at
a speed
greater
than
is
reasonable and
prudent

under
the conditions and
having
regard
for
actual and
potential
hazards

then
existing
;  and

(2)  shall
control
the speed

of
the vehicle
as
necessary
to
avoid
colliding

with
another
person

or
vehicle
that
is
on
or
entering
the highway

in
compliance
with
law
and
the duty
of
each
person

to
use
due care
.

(c)  An operator
shall,
consistent
with
Subsections (a) and
(b),
drive
at
an
appropriate
reduced speed
if:

(1)  the operator
is
approaching and
crossing
an
intersection
or
railroad grade crossing;

(2)  the operator
is
approaching and
going
around
a curve;

(3)  the operator
is
approaching
a hill crest;

(4)  the operator
is
traveling on
a narrow
or
winding roadway;  and

(5)  a special hazard
exists
with
regard
to
traffic,
including
pedestrians,
or
weather
or
highway conditions.


Sec. 545.352.  PRIMA FACIE SPEED LIMITS.

(a)  A speed
in excess
of
the limits
established by
Subsection (b)
or
under another provision
of
this
subchapter
is
prima facie evidence
that
the speed
is
not
reasonable and
prudent and
that
the speed
is
unlawful.

(b)  Unless
a special hazard
exists
that
requires
a slower speed
for
compliance
with
Section 545.351(b),
the following speeds
are
lawful:

(1)  30 miles per hour
in
an urban district
on
a street
other
than
an
alley and
15 miles per hour
in
an
alley;

(2)  except
as
provided by
Subdivision (4),
70 miles per hour
on
a highway
numbered by
this state
or
the United States
outside
an
urban district,
including
a farm-to-market
or
ranch-to-market
road;

(3)  except
as provided by
Subdivision (4),
60 miles per hour
on
a highway
that
is
outside
an
urban district and
not
a highway
numbered by
this state
or
the United States;

(4)   outside an
urban district:

(A)  60 miles per hour
if
the vehicle
is
a school bus
that
has passed
a commercial motor vehicle inspection
under
Section 548.201 and
is
on
a highway
numbered by
the United States
or
this state,
including
a farm-to-market road;
or

(B)  50 miles per hour
if
the vehicle
is
a school bus
that:

(i)  has
not
passed
a commercial motor vehicle inspection
under
Section 548.201;
or

(ii)  is traveling
on
a highway
not
numbered by
the United States
or
this state;

(5)  on
a beach,
15 miles per hour;
or

(6)  on
a county road
adjacent to
a public beach,
15 miles per hour,
if
declared by
the commissioners court
of
the county.

(c)  The speed limits
for
a bus
or
other vehicle
engaged
in
the business
of
transporting passengers
for
compensation
or
hire,
for
a commercial vehicle
used as
a highway post office vehicle
for
highway post office service
in
the transportation
of
United States mail,
for
a light truck, and
for
a school activity bus
are
the same
as
required
for
a passenger car
at
the same time and
location.

(d)  In
this section:

(1)  “Interstate highway”
means
a segment
of
the national system
of
interstate and
defense highways
that
is:

(A)  located
in
this state;

(B)  officially designated by
the Texas Transportation Commission;  and

(C)  approved under
Title 23, United States Code.

(2)  “Light truck”
means
a truck
with
a manufacturer’s
rated carrying capacity
of
not
more
than
2,000 pounds,
including
a pick-up truck,
panel delivery truck, and
carry-all truck.

(3)  “Urban district”
means
the territory
adjacent
to and
including
a highway,
if
the territory
is
improved
with
structures
that
are
used for
business,
industry,
or
dwelling houses and
are
located
at
intervals
of
less than
100 feet
for
a distance
of
at least
one-quarter mile
on
either side
of
the highway.

(e)  An entity
that
establishes
or
alters
a speed limit
under
this
subchapter
shall
establish
the same
speed limit
for
daytime and
nighttime.



Now, using the example above of how to break down a statute in order to understand it better, read the following statutes and practice breaking them down in the same manner. Don’t worry about how hard it seems at first, because the more you practice doing it, the easier and more natural it feels and becomes. You will be surprised how much easier it gets. I even did the first one for you so you can learn to see the patterns involved.

Just understand that you ALWAYS want to break and isolate “and,” “but”, or “or,” and most times “if.” You will also want to break at conditional statements like “are,” “at least,” “less than,” “greater than,” etc.

You will be surprised at how you will begin to translate this breakdown practice into virtually everything you read. You will gain insight and understanding in written matter that you never knew you were capable of, and how few other people actually understand the things they are reading because they don’t do it. And that especially applies to attorneys.



TRANSPORTATION
CODE

TITLE
7. VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC

SUBTITLE
B. DRIVER’S LICENSES AND PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION CARDS

CHAPTER
522. COMMERCIAL DRIVER’S LICENSES

SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

Sec.
522.003.  DEFINITIONS.  In this chapter:

(3)  “Commercial driver’s license” means
a license
issued to
an individual
that authorizes
the individual
to drive
a class of
commercial motor vehicle.

(4)  “Commercial learner’s permit” means
a permit
that restricts
the holder
to driving
a commercial motor vehicle
as provided by
Section 522.011(a)(2)(B).

(5)  “Commercial motor vehicle” means
a motor vehicle
or
combination of
motor vehicles
used
to transport
passengers
or
property
that:

(A)  has
a gross combination weight
or
a gross
combination weight rating of
26,001
or
more pounds,
including
a towed unit
with a
gross vehicle weight
or
a gross vehicle weight rating of
more than
10,000 pounds;

(B)  has
a gross vehicle weight
or
a gross vehicle weight rating of
26,001
or
more pounds;

(C)  is designed to
transport 16
or
more passengers,
including the driver;
or

(D)  is
transporting hazardous materials
and
is required
to be placarded
under 49 C.F.R. Part 172, Subpart F.

(8)  “Department
means
the Department of Public Safety.

(9)  “Disqualify” means
to withdraw
the privilege
to drive
a commercial motor vehicle,
including
to suspend,
cancel,
or
revoke
that privilege
under a state
or
federal law.

(10)  “Domicile” means
the place
where
a person
has the person’s
true,
fixed,
and permanent
home
and
principal residence
and
to which
the person
intends to
return whenever absent.

(11)  “Drive” means to
operate
or
be in
physical control of
a motor vehicle.

(12)  “Driver’s license” has
the meaning
assigned by
Section 521.001,
except
the term
does not
include
a commercial learner’s permit
unless
otherwise provided by
this chapter.

(13)  “Drug” has the meaning
assigned by
Section 481.002, Health and Safety Code.

(14)  “Employer” means
a person
who owns
or
leases
a commercial motor vehicle
or
assigns
a person
to drive
a commercial motor vehicle.

(15)  “Federal act” means
the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (49 U.S.C. App. Section 2701 et seq.).

(16)  “Foreign jurisdiction” means
a jurisdiction
other than
a state.

(17)  “Gross combination weight rating” means
the value specified by
the manufacturer
as the loaded weight of
a combination
or
articulated vehicle
or,
if
the manufacturer
has not specified
a value,
the sum of
the gross vehicle weight rating
of the power unit
and
the total weight of
the towed unit
or
units
and
any load on
a towed unit.

(18)  “Gross vehicle weight rating” means
the value specified by
the manufacturer
as the loaded weight of
a single vehicle.

(19)  “Hazardous materials” has
the meaning
assigned by
49 C.F.R. Section 383.5.

(20)  Repealed by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 941,
Sec. 43, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.

(21)  “Motor vehicle” means
a vehicle,
machine,
tractor,
trailer,
or
semitrailer
propelled
or
drawn
by mechanical power
and
used
on
a highway.
The term does not include
a vehicle,
machine,
tractor,
trailer,
or
semitrailer
operated exclusively
on
a rail.

(22)  “Non-domiciled commercial driver’s license” means
a commercial driver’s license
issued by
a state
to
an individual
who
is domiciled
in
a foreign jurisdiction.

(22-a)  “Non-domiciled commercial learner’s permit” means
a commercial learner’s permit
issued by
a state
to
an individual
who is
domiciled in
a foreign jurisdiction.

(23)  “Out-of-service order” means:

(A)  a temporary prohibition against
driving
a commercial motor vehicle
issued under
Section 522.101,
the law of another state,
49 C.F.R.
Section 383.5,
386.72, 392.5,
392.9a, 395.13,
or
396.9,
a law
compatible with
those federal regulations,
or
the North American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria;
or

(B)  a declaration by
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
or
an authorized
enforcement officer of
a state
or
local jurisdiction
that
a driver,
commercial motor vehicle,
or
motor carrier operation
is
out of service
under 49 C.F.R.
Section 383.5,
386.72, 392.5,
392.9a, 395.13,
or
396.9,
a law
compatible with
those federal regulations,
or
the North American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria.

(23-a)  “Person
includes
the United States,
a state,
or
a political subdivision of
a state.

(24)  “Secretary” means
the United States
secretary of transportation.

(24-a)  “Seed cotton module” means
compacted seed cotton in
any form.

(25)  “Serious traffic violation” means:

(A)  a
conviction
arising from
the
driving of
a motor vehicle,
other than a
parking,
vehicle weight,
or
vehicle defect violation,
for:

(i)  excessive speeding,
involving a
single charge of
driving 15 miles per hour
or
more
above
the posted speed limit;

(ii)  reckless driving,
as defined by
state
or
local law;

(iii)  a violation of
a state
or
local law
related to
motor vehicle traffic control,
including
a law
regulating
the operation of
vehicles
on highways,
arising in
connection with
a
fatal accident;

(iv)  improper
or
erratic
traffic lane change;

(v)  following
the vehicle
ahead
too closely;
or

(vi)  a violation of
Sections 522.011
or
522.042;
or

(B)  a violation of
Section 522.015.

(26)  “State” means
a state of
the United States
or
the District of Columbia.


Sec. 201.904.  SPEED SIGNS.
The department shall erect and maintain on the highways and roads of this state appropriate signs that show the maximum lawful speed for commercial motor vehicles, truck tractors, truck trailers, truck semitrailers, and motor vehicles engaged in the business of transporting passengers for compensation or hire (buses).


TRANSPORTATION CODE

TITLE 7. VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC

SUBTITLE C. RULES OF THE ROAD

CHAPTER 541. DEFINITIONS

SUBCHAPTER
A. PERSONS AND GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES

 

Sec.
541.001.  PERSONS.  In this subtitle:

(1)  Operator” means, as used in reference to a vehicle, a person who drives or has physical control of a vehicle.

(2)  “Owner” means, as used in reference
to a vehicle, a person who has a property interest in or title to a
vehicle.  The term:

(A)  includes a person entitled to use and possess
a vehicle subject to a security interest;
and

(B)  excludes a lienholder and a lessee whose
lease is not intended as security.

(3)  “Pedestrian” means a person on
foot.

(4)  “Person” means an individual, firm, partnership, association, or corporation.

(5)  “School crossing guard” means a responsible
person who is at least 18 years of age and is designated by a local authority
to direct traffic in a school crossing zone for the protection of children
going to or leaving a school.


Sec. 24.013.  AIRCRAFT FUEL CONTAINERS;  OFFENSE.

(a)  A person commits an offense if the person
operates or intends to operate an aircraft equipped with:

(1)  a fuel container that the person knows does
not conform to federal aviation regulations or that has not been approved by
the Federal Aviation Administration by inspection or special permit;  or

(2)  a pipe, hose, or auxiliary pump that is used
or intended for transferring fuel to the primary fuel system of an aircraft
from a fuel container that the person knows does not conform to federal
aviation regulations or that has not been approved by the Federal Aviation
Administration by inspection or special permit.

(b)  An offense under Subsection (a) is a felony
of the third degree.

(c)  A peace officer may seize an aircraft
equipped with a fuel container that is the subject of an offense under
Subsection (a).

(d)  An aircraft seized under Subsection (c) may
be forfeited to the Department of Public Safety in the same manner as property
subject to forfeiture under Article 18.18, Code of Criminal Procedure.

(e)  An aircraft forfeited under Subsection (d) is
subject to Chapter 2205, Government Code.

(f)  In this section:

(1)  “Federal aviation regulations”
means the following regulations adopted by the Federal Aviation Administration
as those regulations existed on September 1, 1985, except a regulation in
existence on September 1, 1985, that is inconsistent with a regulation adopted
after that date:

(A)  certification procedures for products and
parts, 14 C.F.R. Part 21;

(B)  maintenance, preventive maintenance,
rebuilding, and alteration regulations, 14 C.F.R. Part 43;  and

(C)  general operating and flight rules, 14 C.F.R.
Part 91.

(2)  Operate” means to use, cause to use, or authorize to use an aircraft for air navigation and includes:

(A)  the piloting of an aircraft, with or without
the right of legal control;

(B)  the taxiing of an aircraft before takeoff or
after landing;  and

(C)  the postflight or preflight inspection or
starting of the engine of an aircraft.


Sec.
541.002.  GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES.  In this subtitle:

(1)  “Department” means the Department
of Public Safety acting directly or through its authorized officers and agents.

(2)  “Director” means the public safety
director.

(3)  “Local authority” means:

(A)  a county, municipality, or other local entity
authorized to enact traffic laws under the laws of this state;  or

(B)  a school district created under the laws of
this state only when it is designating school crossing guards for schools
operated by the district.

(4)  “Police officer” means an officer
authorized to direct traffic or arrest persons who violate traffic regulations.

(5)  “State” has the meaning assigned by
Section 311.005, Government Code, and includes a province of Canada.


TRANSPORTATION CODE

TITLE 7. VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC

SUBTITLE J. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

CHAPTER 724. IMPLIED CONSENT

SUBCHAPTER
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

Sec.
724.001.  DEFINITIONS.  In this chapter:

(1)  “Alcohol concentration” has the
meaning assigned by Section 49.01, Penal Code.

(2)  “Arrest” includes the taking into
custody of a child, as defined by Section 51.02, Family Code.

(3)  “Controlled substance” has the
meaning assigned by Section 481.002, Health and Safety Code.

(4)  “Criminal charge” includes a charge
that may result in a proceeding under Title 3, Family Code.

(5)  “Criminal proceeding” includes a
proceeding under Title 3, Family Code.

(6)  “Dangerous drug” has the meaning
assigned by Section 483.001, Health and Safety Code.

(7)  “Department” means the Department
of Public Safety.

(8)  “Drug” has the meaning assigned by
Section 481.002, Health and Safety Code.

(9)  “Intoxicated” has the meaning
assigned by Section 49.01, Penal Code.

(10)  “License” has the meaning assigned
by Section 521.001.

(11)  Operate” means to drive or be in actual control of a motor vehicle or watercraft.

(12)  “Public place” has the meaning
assigned by Section 1.07, Penal Code.


Download DOC FileBreakdown of Elements in a Speeding Charge

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Chronology – How to document your case while learning the process.

One of the biggest problems you will face in going to court is keeping track of everything accurately and timely.  And the best advice I can give you on doing so is to NOT trust any of it to memory alone.  WRITE IT DOWN!  This is also the best way to quickly bring someone else up to speed when you are requesting their assistance and help in advising you and pointing you in the right direction for what to do next. Just provide them with the chronology and they can follow along and understand the situation much more quickly. And the better-detailed you make the chronology, the better that result will be.

Writing it all down does several things to help you in the process. What I recommend for that is a simple but comprehensive chronology. A well-kept chronology serves as a scheduling tool, a task/check list, a reminder of facts that might otherwise grow dim with time, an alarm clock, and a learning tool. Most of these are self-explanatory, but the idea of it also being a learning tool might take a bit of explaining.

When you first begin the process of fighting these battles in the corrupt and immoral court system we currently have, you are proverbially a fish out of water. And facing a trained attorney in a court room is a lot like being a fish caught on dry land by a cat. It will almost never end well. But, that sort of outcome ALSO depends heavily on just what type of fish you actually are or are willing to be.  Cats don’t usually fair so well when the fish they wanted to make a meal out of turns out to be a live barracuda or shark.  And being properly prepared and educated in the “how to’s” and “why’s” of law and the legal process makes you more like either of those than the poor defenseless goldfish that the cat believes you to be.

As you learn the process, the notes you take today will be invaluable to you, and potentially others, tomorrow. You will be able to go back and look at all the things you THOUGHT you understood and compare them to the knowledge you have accumulated up to today. And the differences over time will surprise you. Questions that you once raised to yourself the first few times that you tried to fight back will now be able to be answered immediately and with true and accurate information. And today, rather than it being a question, it will be a statement of “This is what they SHOULD have done, and this is what they actually DID, and THIS is what I use as the authority and process for doing what I need to do about it!”  And this will be possible because you have (hopefully) LEARNED from the experience.

Therefore, a well kept chronology can help you in ways that you might not have previously considered. And it is a record keeping method upon which you can improve over time with only a little thought and effort to figure out the method(s) that still cover all the bases while allowing you to set it up more to your style and liking.

The provided template is just that, a template. It is a starting point to understanding the things that you will want to keep track of and have a single point of reference for. It is easy to understand and to use. But it will only truly benefit you if you DO use it accordingly.  Be timely in filling it out, when facts and details are at their freshest.  The sooner you make an entry after an event occurs the better. And even better is if you are taking those notes in real-time during the event in question, especially when it comes to keeping track of all the players.  Keep that in mind as you look it over and absorb its structure.  USE it and it WILL help you in the long run to become a better fighter and much harder prey for the cats.

01B EC – SUP – Chronology 7777

Understanding the “Fruit of the Poison Tree” Doctrine

If you want to have a good understanding of the “fruit of the poison tree” doctrine, which is VERY useful in getting illegally obtained evidence suppressed, making it inadmissible, then these are the go-to cases on that subject. I would highly recommend that you adopt such a desire ASAP, because knowing this can save you a lot of time and aggravation.

What kind of evidence? ANY evidence that was obtained in ANY sort of illegal search or seizure of you or your property, or forcibly seized or compelled production of information or documentation in violation of your 4th and 5th amendment right to remain silent and NOT provide evidence or testimony against oneself.

This would actually apply to things like driver’s licenses, financial responsibility documents, or anything else that can be used against you in a court of law or that might potentially incriminate you in some way, and all of which law enforcement demands presentation of once they make contact. IF the contact is the result of an alleged “traffic stop” THEN those documents and information CAN be used against you and CAN result in additional charges, giving you a United States Constitution’s 4th and 5th Amendment, and the Texas Constitution’s Bill of Rights under Article 1, Sec. 9, right to remain silent and refuse production. No statutory scheme can lawfully make this exercise of rights into a crime, but many states have tried to do so. IF the officer uses the invocation of your rights to refuse to produce potentially incriminating documents and information to charge you with additional crimes based upon that reservation of rights, THAT is a fundamentally protected rights violation from the get-go.

I have also included a link so you can read up on the legal meaning of the phrase.

LEARN THEM! USE THEM!

http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fruit+of+the+…

Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States, 251 U.S. 385, 40 S. Ct. 182, 64 L. Ed. 319 (1920)
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/251/385

Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471, 488
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/371/471